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The Architecture
of traditional Kuwaiti houses in the past were influenced
primarily by the Cultural, Social and Environment needs of the
time. This resulted in certain key design features as
described below.
The courtyard was an important element that played social and
environmental role.Socailly,the courtyard functioned as a
place where people gathered to socialize in an open space with
a private living setting.Enviromentally the courtyard provided
a significant level of protection against wind,dust,sand
glare and heat characteristic of Kuwait's climate.The
surrounding loggia, prevented direct sunlight from entering
interior spaces and assisted in control and reduction of heat
gain in the building,acting as a natural temperature control
mechanism..The roof provided a cool and breezy space for
people to sleep in hot summer months in addition to being a
suitable place for bathing,washing cloths,drying
fruits,etc.The roof structure incorporated wooden water-
spouts with decorative wooden lips to regulate water flow .
Another very important element in the design was the
diwan,which acted as a public gathering place and entertimrnt
for men. It was often located near the main entrance of the
house,close to the street. Buildings were constructed mainly
with indigenous materials.Sundried mud pellets or seashore
rocks were
mortared with mud plaster. Walls were designed to be quite
thick, providing insulation to face the harsh hot climate.The
roof was supported on round wooden poles ,known as chandles (mangrove).Reed
mats, holding
mud mixed with straw were placed on top of the wooden poles to
form the ceiling of the room and the roof floor.
Many decorative features were present in Kuwaiti houses,the
most prominent being the front doors. They were constructed of
teak,mostly imported from
Africa.Horizontal crossbars held together the vertical planks,
and dome-shaped nails were used as fasteners.Each door was
embellished with carved floral
patterns,usually on the cover-piece on the cover-piece between
the two doors.The door frames were often left plain with
occasional simple moulding.A bejurer or a smaller inset door
was frequently constructed within the large pair of
doors,using similar crossbars and vertical planks. Also carved
column capitals were presented in courtyards to emphasize and
celebrate the
enclosing of a colonade.Traditonal Architecture houses in
Kuwait had been manifested in its rational approach crating an
optimum living environment for life.The concepts and methods
were functional,simple creating the personality of traditional
Kuwaiti dwelling.
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